{"id":876,"date":"2015-03-26T12:29:09","date_gmt":"2015-03-26T10:29:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/?p=876"},"modified":"2015-03-26T16:23:10","modified_gmt":"2015-03-26T14:23:10","slug":"%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%cf%80%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%ad%cf%82-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%83%ce%ba%ce%b5%ce%bb%ce%b5%cf%84%cf%8c-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%bf%ce%bc%cf%8c%ce%b6%cf%85%ce%b3%ce%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%cf%80%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%ad%cf%82-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%83%ce%ba%ce%b5%ce%bb%ce%b5%cf%84%cf%8c-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%bf%ce%bc%cf%8c%ce%b6%cf%85%ce%b3%ce%bf\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03b2-\u0398\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"center\"><b>\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0397. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 <\/b><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>MD<\/b><\/span><b>, <\/b><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>MSc<br \/>\n<\/b><\/span><b style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05em; line-height: 1.6875;\">\u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2<br \/>\n<\/b><i>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u039a\u03a0\u0391 \u2013 \u039d\u03bf\u03c3. \u039a\u0391\u03a4<\/i><b style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05em; line-height: 1.6875;\"><br \/>\n<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>\u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u0397 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf \u00ab\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u00bb. \u039f\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf. \u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03c5\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 1). \u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 100.000 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 3.000 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/earth.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-880 \" src=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/earth.jpg\" alt=\"earth\" width=\"370\" height=\"280\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><b>\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 1. <\/b><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>\u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03ba\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b6\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/span> <span style=\"color: #231f20;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #231f20;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i>: \u201cGuidelines for the clinical management of Thalassemia\u201d, 2<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #231f20;\"><sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i>nd<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #231f20;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i> Revised Edition 2008.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #231f20;\"><sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i>2<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 25% \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (\u00ab\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2\u00bb, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 \u00ab\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u00bb). \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc (\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae).<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (<span lang=\"en-US\">HbA)<\/span>, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bf\u03be\u03c5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2. \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u00ab\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2. \u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 1), \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/pinakas1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-883\" src=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/pinakas1.jpg\" alt=\"pinakas1\" width=\"1337\" height=\"597\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/pinakas1.jpg 1337w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/pinakas1-300x134.jpg 300w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/pinakas1-1024x457.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/pinakas1-560x250.jpg 560w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/pinakas1-260x116.jpg 260w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/pinakas1-160x71.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1337px) 100vw, 1337px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><b>\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 1<\/b>: <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 (%) \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">: <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03bc\u03b5<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> \u201cMulticentre study on endocrine complications in thalassemia major\u201d, De Sanctis et al., Clin Endocrinol 1995 42:581-86.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<sup>3,4 <\/sup>\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae &#8211; \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 &#8211; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 40-50% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 90% \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 (\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 1). \u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03bf\u03c5.<sup>5-8<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u00ab\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\u00bb \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<sup>5-8<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>\u0391\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0399. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bf\u03be\u03c5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc. \u0397 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 2)<span lang=\"en-US\">. E\u03c5\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3<\/span>\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<sup><span lang=\"en-US\"> 4,8<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-885\" src=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona1.png\" alt=\"eikona1\" width=\"249\" height=\"316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona1.png 249w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona1-236x300.png 236w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona1-160x203.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 249px) 100vw, 249px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><b>\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 2:<\/b><b><span style=\"font-size: small;\"> \u0395\u03ba\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">: <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Hassan M Yaish MD<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">.,<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\"> University of Utah School of Medicine<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Department of Pediatrics, Primary Children&#8217;s Medical Center<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0399\u0399. \u039f \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u0397 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 (\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2), \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc (\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2), \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf (\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7).<sup>4,9 <\/sup>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c8\u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 <span lang=\"en-US\">D<\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <span lang=\"en-US\">C<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0399\u0399\u0399. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03ca\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 <span lang=\"en-US\">RANKL<\/span>, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd <span lang=\"en-US\">IL-<\/span>1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 IL-6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <span lang=\"en-US\">TNF<\/span>\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <span lang=\"en-US\">Dickkopf<\/span>-1 (<span lang=\"en-US\">Dkk<\/span>-1), \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd (\u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd (\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae). \u0391\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 (\u03b2\u03bb. \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<sup>3,4,13-15<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i><b>RANK:<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i> \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u0301\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03b9\u0301 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u0301 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u0301\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u0392, <\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i><b>RANKL:<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i> \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u0301\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u0301\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03b9\u0301 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u0301 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u0301\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u0392, <\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i><b>OPG:<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i> \u039f\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u0301\u03bd\u03b7, <\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><i><b>TNFa<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><b>:<\/b><\/i><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i> \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">IV. \u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2: <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">(\u03b1)<i> \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2:<\/i><i><b> <\/b><\/i>\u0391\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd (\u03cc\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2), \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 40-70% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u2019\u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc.<sup>3,4<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">(\u03b2)<i><b> <\/b><\/i><i>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 <\/i><span lang=\"en-US\"><i>GH<\/i><\/span><i>\/<\/i><span lang=\"en-US\"><i>IGF<\/i><\/span><i>1<\/i><span lang=\"en-US\"><i>:<\/i><\/span><i><b> <\/b><\/i>\u03a0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 (<span lang=\"en-US\">GH)<\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 (<span lang=\"en-US\">IGF<\/span>1) \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc 3-15% \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<sup>25-32<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">(\u03b3)<i><b> <\/b><\/i>\u03a3\u03b1<i>\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03a3\u0394)<\/i><span lang=\"en-US\"><i>:<\/i><\/span><i><b> <\/b><\/i>\u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 11% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<sup>4, 33-35<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">(\u03b4)<i> \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2:<\/i> \u0391\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 10-15% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">(\u03b5)<i><b> <\/b><\/i><i>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2:<\/i><b> <\/b>\u0391\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5<b> <\/b>\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 (<span lang=\"en-US\">\u03a1\u03a4\u0397) \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1<\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 4-6% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd<span lang=\"en-US\">. \u0397 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/span> \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 <span lang=\"en-US\">D<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">(\u03c3\u03c4)<i><b> <\/b><\/i><i>\u039b\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/i><span lang=\"en-US\"><i>:<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><i>\u0391\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd:<\/i><b> <\/b>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 <span lang=\"en-US\">D<\/span> \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 <span lang=\"en-US\">C<\/span>.<sup>4,9,10<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><i>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd:<\/i> \u03a3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 30% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 (\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c8\u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2.<sup>4,36,37<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">V<\/span><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">. \u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 <span lang=\"en-US\">D<\/span>, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd.<sup>3,4,38,39<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 &#8211; \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc &#8211; \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2.<sup>7,40<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>\u039a\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9<span lang=\"en-US\">:<\/span><sup>38-42,45<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><b>(\u03b1) <\/b><i>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2. <\/i>\u039f\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><b>(\u03b2) <\/b><i>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. <\/i>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u00ab\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2\u00bb \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 2). \u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><b>(\u03b3) <\/b><i>\u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2.<\/i> \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03cd\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><b>(\u03b4) <\/b><i>\u039f\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\/\u039f\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/i> \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae, \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><b>(\u03b5) <\/b><i>\u0389\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2,<\/i> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2.<sup>41,42<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">I. \u0391\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/span>: \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 3) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1.<sup>43-45<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-886\" src=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona2.jpg\" alt=\"eikona2\" width=\"1059\" height=\"746\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona2.jpg 1059w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona2-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona2-1024x721.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona2-560x394.jpg 560w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona2-260x183.jpg 260w, https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/eikona2-160x113.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1059px) 100vw, 1059px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><b>\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 3: <\/b><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1: <\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">(\u0399). \u039f\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03af\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b3\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03b4\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd. (\u0399\u0399). \u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u00ab\u03c8\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ae\u00bb, \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd.<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">: \u201cThe Imaging of Tropical Diseases: With Epidemiological, Pathological and Clinical Correlation.\u201d <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s\/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&amp;field-author=Philip%20E.S.%20Palmer&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;search-alias=books&amp;sort=relevancerank\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">P.E.S.Palmer<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">, <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s\/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&amp;field-author=Maurice%20M.%20Reeder&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;search-alias=books&amp;sort=relevancerank\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">M.M.Reeder<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">, 2<\/span><\/span><sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">nd<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> Edition, 2001, <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/bjr.birjournals.org\/site\/misc\/terms.xhtml\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">British Institute of Radiology<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> &#8211; <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> A.Chandrahasan Johnson., Tulsa, Oklahoma.<\/span><\/span><sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">43<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">II. \u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u0397 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd-\u03a7 (<span lang=\"en-US\">DXA<\/span>) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd.<sup>46,47<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 <span lang=\"en-US\">DXA<\/span>, \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 &#8211; \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 (<span lang=\"en-US\">pQCT<\/span>) &#8211; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1. \u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<sup> 8,47-49<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0399\u0399\u0399. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 6 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 12 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2. \u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 &#8211; \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ce\u03bd &#8211; \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9.<sup>3,4,50<\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\">\u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\">\u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 1).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd 24\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\">\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u0397 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd (\u03b1) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03b9\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 (\u03b2) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c8\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cc\u03bb, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c0\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<sup>13,50-53 <\/sup>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<sup>3,4<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>\u03a6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1. \u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0391. \u0392\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 <\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">D<\/span><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">, \u0399\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03c3\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf<\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 <span lang=\"en-US\">D<\/span>, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd &#8211; \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 &#8211; \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd (\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc) \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<sup>3,4,50<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 <span lang=\"en-US\">D<\/span> \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ae &#8211; \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc &#8211; \u03c3\u03b5 2-3 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 24\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u2019\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ac\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<sup>3,4<\/sup> \u03a4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c8\u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 <span lang=\"en-US\">C<\/span>.<sup>51,52<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0392. \u0394\u03b9\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae (\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7) \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c6\u03bb\u03b5\u03b2\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf-\u03b4\u03b9\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b6\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03be\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<sup>2-4,13<\/sup><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 <span lang=\"en-US\">(BMD) <\/span>\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac 50% \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 40% \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03bf\u03c5.<sup>54-60<\/sup> \u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0393. <\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Denosumab:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a4\u03bf <span lang=\"en-US\">Denosumab<\/span> \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd. \u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf. \u03a0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 2013, \u03bf\u03b9 <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">M<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Yassin<\/span><\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd. \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 30 \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <span lang=\"en-US\">Denosumab<\/span> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 60<span lang=\"en-US\">mg<\/span>\/\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf.<sup>65<\/sup> \u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0394. \u039b\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7, \u03ae \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 &#8211; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03cd\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd &#8211; \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1,.<sup>57,64<\/sup> \u038c\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <i>\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf<\/i>, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">\u0397 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5. \u0397 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf. \u0397 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03b9\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b7 \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" align=\"justify\">_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>\u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">1. N.F. Olivieri. \u201cThe <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03b2<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">-Thalassemias.\u201d N Engl J Med 1999; 341:99-109.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">National Thalassemia Federation &#8211;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #231f20;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> \u201cGuidelines for the clinical management of Thalassemia\u201d, 2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #231f20;\"><sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">nd<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #231f20;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> Revised Edition 2008, by M.D.Cappellini, A.Cohen et al.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/81359367\/\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">M.Toumba<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> and <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/36380610\/\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Nicos Skordis<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">. \u201cOsteoporosis Syndrome in Thalassaemia Major: An Overview.\u201d Journal of Osteoporosis Volume 2010, 7 pages.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">E.Terpos and E.Voskaridou \u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Treatment options for thalassemia patients with osteoporosis.\u201d, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Ann. N.Y. Acad. 2010, p:237\u2013243.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">R.O<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">riga<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">, E.Fiumana et al., \u201c<\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1196\/annals.1345.051\/abstract\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Osteoporosis in \u03b2-Thalassemia: Clinical and Genetic Aspects<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">.\u201d Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Volume 1054, Issue 1, November 2005, Pages: 451\u2013456.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">A. Christoforidis, E. Hatzipantelis et al., \u201cBone mineral density in children and young adults with \u03b2-thalassemia major conventionally treated,\u201d Pediatric Blood and Cancer, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 113\u2013114, 2006.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Kyriakou A., Savva SC. et al. \u201cGender differences in the prevalence and severity of bone disease in thalassaemia.\u201d <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">. 2008;6 (supplement 1) :116\u2013122.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Ladis V., Raptou P. et al., \u201c<\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19360988\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Study of bone density by pQCT analysis in healthy adults and patients with B-thalassemia major and intermedia.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">\u201d Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2008 Oct;6 Suppl 1:127-31.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">P.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Mahachoklertwattana, <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/jcem.endojournals.org\/search?author1=Vorachai+Sirikulchayanonta&amp;sortspec=date&amp;submit=Submit\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">V.Sirikulchayanonta<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">et al., \u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Bone Histomorphometry in Children and Adolescents with \u03b2-Thalassemia Disease: Iron-Associated Focal Osteomalacia.\u201d <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">88 (8): 3966-3972.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">S.De Virgiliis, M.Congia et al., \u201cDeferoxamine-induced growth retardation in patients with thalassemia major.\u201d Journal of Pediatrics, vol.113, no.4, 1988, pp. 661\u2013669. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"10\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Sundeep Khosla, \u201cMinireview: The OPG\/RANKL\/RANK system\u201d, Endocrinology,<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">December 2001, 142 (12):5050-5055.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"11\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">B.F.Boyce<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">L.Xing<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">. \u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Functions of RANKL\/RANK\/OPG in bone modeling and<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Remodeling<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">.\u201d <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Arch Biochem Biophys. 2008 May 15;473<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">(2):139\u2013146.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"12\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">E.Voskaridou and E.Terpos. \u201cNew insights into the pathophysiology and management of osteoporosis in patients with \u03b2 thalassaemia.\u201d British Journal of Haematology, 2004, vol. 127, no.2, pp. 127\u2013139. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"13\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">N.Morabito, A.Gaudio et al., \u201cOsteoprotegerin and RANKL in the pathogenesis of thalassemia-induced osteoporosis: new pieces of the puzzle,\u201d Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol. 19, no. 5, 2004, pp. 722\u2013727.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"14\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Morabito N., Russo GT. et al., \u201cThe \u201clively\u201d cytokines network in \u03b2-thalassemia major-related osteoporosis.\u201d Bone. 2007; 40(6):1588\u20131594.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"15\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">B.Lawrence Riggs, S.Khosla et al., \u201cSex Steroids and the construction and conservation of the adult skeleton.\u201d<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Endocrine Reviews 23(3):279\u2013302.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"16\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Juliet E.Compston \u201cSex Steroids and Bone.\u201d <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Physiological Reviews, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Vol.81, No. 1, January 2001.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"17\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Cl.Ribot, Fl.Tr\u00e9mollieres et al.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">, \u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Aromatase and regulation of bone remodelling\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Joint Bone Spine 73 (2006) 37\u201342.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"18\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Baruch Frenkel, Albert Hong et al.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">,<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Regulation of Adult Bone<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Turnover by Sex Steroids.\u201d Journal of Cellular Physiology<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">2010, <a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcp.v224:2\/issuetoc\">Volume 224, Issue 2, <\/a>pages 305\u2013310.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"19\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Sundeep Khosla<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">\u201cEstrogen and bone: Insights from estrogen-resistant, aromatase deficient, and normal men\u201d Bone. 2008 September ; 43(3): 414\u2013417.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"20\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">A<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">W.C.Kung<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">. \u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Androgen and bone mass in men.\u201d<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Asian J Androl 2003 Jun; 5:148-154<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"21\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Filip Callewaert, Steven Boonen et al., \u201cSex steroids and the male skeleton: a tale of two hormones<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">\u201d<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">2010 Feb;21(2):89-95.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"22\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Juan Balasch<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">\u201cSex steroids and bone: current perspectives\u201d, Human Reproduction Update, Vol.9, No.3 pp. 207<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">222, 2003.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"23\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"it-IT\">R. 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Piga et al., Journ of Pediatr Endocrinol and Metabol, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">1998, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">vol. 11, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">suppl.3, pp.785\u2013790.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"24\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">F.R.P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez, P.Chedraui et al., <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Bone mass gain during puberty and adolescence: Deconstructing gender characteristics.\u201d<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Current Medicinal Chemistry, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">2010;17(5):453-66<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"25\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Subburaman Mohan, Charmaine Richman et al., \u201cInsulin-Like Growth Factor regulates peak bone mineral density in mice by both Growth Hormone-dependent and -independent mechanisms.\u201d Endocrinology 2003 144: 929-936.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"26\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">J<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">.P.Bonjour, T.Chevalley et al., \u201cThe importance and relevance<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">of peak bone mass in the prevalence of osteoporosis.\u201d<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">J <a>Salud Publica Mex.<\/a> 2009; 51 Suppl 1:S5-17.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">S.Perrini, L.Laviola et al., \u201cThe GH\/IGF1 axis and signaling pathways in the muscle and bone mechanisms<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">underlying age-related skeletal muscle wasting and osteoporosis.\u201d<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Journal of Endocrinology (2010) 205, 201\u2013210.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"28\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Mary Russell-Aulet, Brahm Shapiro<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> et al., \u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">Peak Bone Mass in young healthy men is correlated with the Magnitude of endogenous Growth Hormone secretion.\u201d <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">J. 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Metab. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">1998. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">11<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">(Suppl.3): 795\u2013801.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"38\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Dresner Pollack R., Rachmilewitz E. et al., \u201cBone mineral metabolism in adults with beta-thalassemia major and intermedia.\u201d Br J Hematol 2000; 111: 902-907.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"39\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed?term=Skordis%20N%5BAuthor%5D&amp;cauthor=true&amp;cauthor_uid=19337163\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Skordis N<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">, <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed?term=Efstathiou%20E%5BAuthor%5D&amp;cauthor=true&amp;cauthor_uid=19337163\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Efstathiou E<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-GB\">. et al., \u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Hormonal dysregulation and bones in thalassaemia &#8211; an overview.\u201d <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19337163\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Pediatr Endocrinol Rev.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> 2008 Oct;6 Suppl 1:107-15.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Elliot P.Vichinsky. \u201cThe morbidity of bone disease in Thalassemia.\u201d Annals New York Academy of Science, 1998, Jun 30;850: 344-8.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"41\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Borgna-Pignatti C, Cappellini MD et al., \u201cSurvival and complications in thalassemia.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1054:40-7.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"42\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s\/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&amp;field-author=Philip%20E.S.%20Palmer&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;search-alias=books&amp;sort=relevancerank\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">P.E.S.Palmer<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">, <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s\/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&amp;field-author=Maurice%20M.%20Reeder&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;search-alias=books&amp;sort=relevancerank\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">M.M.Reeder<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">. \u201cThe Imaging of Tropical Diseases: With Epidemiological, Pathological and Clinical Correlation.\u201d, 2<\/span><\/span><sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">nd<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> Edition, 2001, <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/bjr.birjournals.org\/site\/misc\/terms.xhtml\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">British Institute of Radiology<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> \u2013 <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"43\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Tyler PA, Madani G. et al., \u201cThe radiological appearances of Thalassemia.\u201d Clinical Radiology 2006; 61(1):40-52.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"44\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u03a6\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03c1., \u201c\u03a0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03a4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd.\u201d \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u0395\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a0.\u03a7.\u03a0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1998, \u03a4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u2019, \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb.406-409.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"45\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">IOF\/International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) 2007 &amp; 2010.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"46\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">E.B.Fung, E.P.Vichinsky et al. \u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Characterization of Low Bone Mass in Young Patients with Thalassemia by DXA, pQCT and Markers of Bone Turnover.\u201d <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Bone. 2011 June 1; 48(6): 1305\u20131312<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"47\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Ladis V., Gandaifis N. et al., \u201cBone density study at the distal radius, using pQCT analysis in Greek thalassemic patients.\u201d Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2004;2(Suppl2):307\u20139.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"48\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Shamshirsaz AA, Bekheirnia MR. et al., \u201cBone mineral density in Iranian adolescents and young adults with thalassemia major.\u201d <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Pediatric Hematology and Oncology<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">. 2007;24 (7):469\u2013479.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"49\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">C.J.Rosen, <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/eu.wiley.com\/WileyCDA\/Section\/id-302479.html?query=Juliet+E.+Compston\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">J.E.Compston<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">, L.B.Lian. \u201cPrimer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism\u201d, 7<\/span><\/span><sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">th<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> Edition, 2008, ASBMR.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"50\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/sites\/entrez?cmd=search&amp;db=PubMed&amp;term=%20Nielsen%20P%5Bauth%5D\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">P.Nielsen<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">,<\/span><\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/sites\/entrez?cmd=search&amp;db=PubMed&amp;term=%20Engelhardt%20R%5Bauth%5D\"><span style=\"color: #00000a;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">R.Engelhardt<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"> et al., \u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Italian Society of Hematology guidelines for thalassemia and non-invasive iron measurements\u201d.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\"> Haematologica, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">2009 February; <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">94<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">(2)<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">: 294\u2013295. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"51\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">United Kingdom Thalassemia Society. \u201cStandards for the clinical care of children and adults with thalassaemia in the UK.\u201d 2008.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"52\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Napoli N., Carmina E., \u201cLow serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in adults affected by thalassemia major or intermedia.\u201d Bone 2006; 38(6):888-892.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"53\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Morabito N., Lasco A. et al. \u201cBisphosphonates in the treatment of thalassemia-induced osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2002;13:644-9. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"54\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Pennisi P., Pizzarelli G. et al., \u201cQuantitative ultrasound of bone and clodronate effects in thalassemia-induced osteoporosis.\u201d J Bone Miner Metab 2003;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">21<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">:402\u20138<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"55\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Voskaridou<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">E.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Terpos<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">E<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">. et al., \u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Pamidronate is an effective treatment for osteoporosis in patients with \u03b2-thalassaemia<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">.\u201d <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Br J Haematol 2003, 123:730\u20137.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"56\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Voskaridou<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">E.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Anagnostopoulos<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">A<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">. et al, \u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Zoledronic acid for the treatment of osteoporosis in patients with \u03b2-thalassemia: results from a single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial<\/span><\/span><\/span><i><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i> <span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Haematologica<\/span><\/span><\/span><i> <\/i><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">2006<\/span><\/span><\/span><i><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">, <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">91<\/span><\/span><\/span><i><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">1193<\/span><\/span><\/span><i><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">\u2013<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">202<\/span><\/span><\/span><i><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"57\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">Viereck V., Emons G. et al., \u201cBisphosphonates pamidronate and zoledronic acid stimulate osteoprotegerin production by primary human osteoblasts.\u201d Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">291<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en\">: 680\u20136.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"58\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Pan B., Farrugia AN. et al., \u201cThe nitrogencontaining bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid, influences RANKL expression in human osteoblast-like cells by activating TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE). J Bone Miner Res 2004;19:147\u201354.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"59\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">V.Perifanis, T.Vyzantiadis et al. \u201cTreatment of beta-thalassaemia-associated osteoporosis with zoledronic acid.\u201d British Journal of Haematology April 2004, Volume 125, Issue 1, pages 91\u201392.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"60\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">E. Carmina, G.Di Fede et al, \u201cHypogonadism and Hormone Replacement Therapy on Bone Mass of Adult Women with Thalassemia Major.\u201d Calcified Tissue International January 2004, Volume 74, Issue 1, pp 68-71.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"61\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">A. Lasco, N. Morabito et al., \u201cEffects of Hormonal Replacement Therapy on Bone Metabolism in Young Adults with Beta-thalassemia Major.\u201d Osteoporosis International<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">August 2001, Volume 12, Issue 7, pp 570-575.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"62\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">M.L.G. Anapllotou, I.T. Kastanias et al., \u201cThe contribution of hypogonadism to the development of osteoporosis in thalassaemia major: new therapeutic approaches.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Clinical Endocrinology, Volume 42, Issue 3, pages 279\u2013287, March 1995<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"63\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">European Medicines Agency, 2010.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"64\">\n<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">M.Yassin, A.f.T Soliman, V.De Sanctis et al.,<\/span><\/span><b> <\/b><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">\u201cEffects of Anti RANK ligand Denosumab on Beta Thalassemia induced osteoporosis\u201d. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Haematologica Jun 2013;<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">98(Suppl<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">#1):168<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0397 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf \u00ab\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u00bb. \u039f\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf. \u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03c5\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 1). \u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 100.000 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 3.000 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-p\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/armonia-zoi.gr\/%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%cf%80%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%ad%cf%82-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%83%ce%ba%ce%b5%ce%bb%ce%b5%cf%84%cf%8c-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%bf%ce%bc%cf%8c%ce%b6%cf%85%ce%b3%ce%bf\/\">Read more 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